UPSC Essentials | Mains answer practice — GS 3 (Week 3)
The Indian Express | 2 days ago | 12-06-2023 | 11:45 am
The Indian Express
2 days ago | 12-06-2023 | 11:45 am
🚨 This story is part of our special initiative for UPSC and other competitive exams. Look out for UPSC KEY on weekdays and UPSC Essentials everyday, Weekly news express with MCQs, Key Terms of the past week, Quizzes as well as The Indian Express 360° Upsc Debate, Society & Social Justice, UPSC Mains Practice, Art and Culture with Devdutt Pattanaik, UPSC Ethics Simplified, Experts Talk, and more. 🚨UPSC Essentials brings to you its new initiative for the practice of Mains answer writing. Mains Answer Writing will cover essential topics of static and dynamic parts of the UPSC Civil Services syllabus covered under various GS papers. This answer-writing practice is designed to help you as a value addition to your UPSC CSE Mains.Each day, we will cover one new subject. Attempt today’s answer writing on questions related to topics of GS-3 to check your progress. Come back tomorrow to attempt questions on topics related to GS-4.What do you understand by sustainable development? How India is using tourism to achieve sustainable development goals?Discuss the security challenges in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).Introduction— The introduction of the answer is essential and should be restricted to 3-5 lines. Remember, a one-liner is not a standard introduction.— It may consist of basic information by giving some definitions from the trusted source and authentic facts.Body— It is the central part of the answer and one should understand the demand of the question to provide rich content.— The answer must be preferably written as a mix of points and short paragraphs rather than using long paragraphs or just points.— Using facts from authentic government sources makes your answer more comprehensive. Analysis is important based on the demand of the question but do not over analyse.— Underlining keywords give you an edge over the other candidates and helps in the better presentation of the answer.— Using flowcharts/tree-diagram in the answers saves much time and boosts your score. However, it should be use logically and only where it is required.Way forward/ Conclusion— The ending of the answer should be on a positive note and it should have a forward-looking approach. However, if you feel that an important problem must be highlighted, you may add it in your conclusion. Try not to repeat any point from body or introduction.— You may use the findings of reports or surveys conducted at national and international levels, quotes etc. in your answers.Self Evaluation— It is the most important part of our Mains answer writing practice. UPSC Essentials will provide some guiding points or ideas as a thought process that will help you to evaluate your answers.QUESTION 1:What do you understand by sustainable development? How India is using tourism to achieve sustainable development goals?Introduction:A simple introduction to this answer can revolve around a basic fact such as:According to the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), it is defined as “Development that meets the need of the present generation without compromising the ability of the future generation to meet their own needs”. The use of the concept of ‘needs’ in the definition is linked to the distribution of resources.orAccording to the seminal report – Our Common Future, it is defined as “meeting the basic needs of all and extending to all the opportunity to satisfy their aspirations for a better life”.(Source: ncert.nic.in)Body:You may incorporate some of the following points in the body of your answer:— The year 2015 has been a milestone for global development as governments have adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, along with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The bold agenda sets out a global framework to end extreme poverty, fight inequality and injustice, and fix climate change until 2030.— Tourism has the potential to contribute, directly or indirectly, to all of the goals. In particular, it has been included as a target in Goals 8, 12 and 14 on inclusive and sustainable economic growth, sustainable consumption and production (SCP) and the sustainable use of oceans and marine resources, respectively.— India is focused on using tourism as a vehicle to achieve Sustainable Development Goals during the G20 presidency.— Indian villages are getting global recognition for rural tourism. For example, Pochampli village in Telangana has been declared one of the best tourism villages by the United Nations World Tourism Organisation.— Tourism has the potential to generate the maximum number of employment with minimum investment and thus tourism can be a positive force for economic transformation, rural development and community well-being.— Tourism could be used to enable sales of local products and services, youth to become entrepreneurs; provides a channel for employment of women and non-advantaged communities like tribals and thus leads to community empowerment and poverty alleviation.Conclusion:Your concluding remark should be short and should encapsulate both parts of the answer. You can use quotes to maximise your score such as:— Mahatma Gandhi said “The soul of India resides in its villages… Thus, by showcasing our villages, the way of life, the spiritual and cultural heritage, the natural beauty of the country are being showcased. and self-reliant villages will lead to a self-reliant India”— Sustainable tourism is firmly positioned in the 2030 Agenda. Achieving this agenda, however, requires a clear implementation framework, adequate financing and investment in technology, infrastructure and human resources.— Rural tourism has led to community empowerment and poverty alleviation. It has also resulted in women’s empowerment through homestay and community-based eco-tourism.(Sources: http://www.unwto.org, India to use tourism to achieve Sustainable Development Goals by Express News Service)Point to ponder: In order to market its tourism offerings better, the government will project different aspects of India to different countries. This was in news. How will the government plans to do it?QUESTION 2: Discuss the security challenges in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).Introduction:A simple introduction to this answer can revolve around a basic fact such as:— The Indian Ocean has emerged as a critical conduit for trade, commerce, and energy. The waters of the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) have become a home for economic developments, disputes, conflicts, and competition for regional influence by regional and extra-regional powers.— The Indian Ocean remains a pivot, being the world’s busiest trade route. Around 80 percent of the world’s maritime oil trade passes through the IOR.Body:You may incorporate some of the following points in the body of your answer:Security Challenges— The Indian Ocean region faces many traditional and non-traditional safety and security challenges including piracy, armed robberies at sea, terrorism, human trafficking, irregular movement of persons, drugs trafficking, illicit trafficking in wildlife, trafficking of weapons, crimes in the fisheries sector such as IUU fishing, degradation of ocean health, unlawful exploitation of marine resources and climate change with its related repercussions on environmental security.— The rise of China across the maritime region has compelled nations (including India) to reshape their maritime strategies.— India’s geographical location in the Indian Ocean region (IOR) is crucial from strategic and economic points of view. The long coastline with deep-water ports, a prosperous Exclusive Economic Zone and islands at both ends present a unique position.— The IOR accounts for more than two-thirds of the world’s oil shipments. One-third of bulk cargo and more than half of container traffic pass through it. The safety of these sea routes is not only directly connected to our economic interests, but it also establishes India as a net security provider in the IOR.Conclusion:Your concluding remark should be short and the endpoint should be positive.— All major powers, such as the United States, Australia, Japan, United Kingdom, India, and China have sought stakes in the security of the IOR.— You can also cite the efforts of India and other nations that are working for establishing peace in the Indian Ocean Region. For example Colombo Security Conclave and Indian Ocean Region Association.— The Colombo Security Conclave was formed in 2011 as a trilateral maritime security grouping of India, Sri Lanka and Maldives. The roadmap of activities was expanded in 2022 and adopted by the member countries – India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, and Mauritius – with Bangladesh and Seychelles participating as observer countries. The Conclave underlines regional cooperation and shared security objectives concerning all littoral nations in the Indian Ocean Region— The Indian Ocean Region Association aims at building upon existing national, regional and multilateral measures to support more effective utilization of resources for enhanced cross-border cooperation and sharing of knowledge, experiences and best practices to secure the Indian Ocean as an ocean-strengthening maritime cooperation for a peaceful, stable, and prosperous region.(Sources: http://www.iora.int, media.defense.gov, India for a rules-based, peaceful environment in Indian Ocean region by Express News Service, Discussions on maritime threats and marine pollution mark Colombo Security Conclave by Express News Service)Point to ponder: Peace in Indian Ocean Region key to global prosperity.How?The UPSC Essentials Indian Express is now on Telegram. 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